Biology, BS
Degree: Bachelor of Science (BS)
Major: Biology
Program Overview
The Biology, BS program has a core of foundation courses and provides options for specialization in a variety of areas, including biotechnology and genetic engineering, molecular and cellular biology, genetics, immunology, chemical biology, physiology and biophysics, neurobiology and animal behavior, developmental biology, population biology, ecology, and environmental science. Individual research projects form a significant part of the curriculum for many undergraduates in all programs and are specifically required for students in the Biology, BS program. Advanced biology majors may register, with permission, for graduate-level courses in the department and in the School of Medicine.
The Biology, BS program is intended to prepare students for work as traditional bench or field research scientists. In addition to a general background in biology (the same as provided for Biology, BA), the Biology, BS program requires two semesters of undergraduate research, plus additional courses in quantitative methods (computer programming, statistics, data analysis) and physical chemistry. The research may be done at the university or at any of its affiliated institutions; the department does not formally place students in laboratories. Because of the extra coursework and research requirements, the Biology, BS may present scheduling challenges to students who wish to pursue multiple majors, study abroad opportunities, internships, or significant extracurricular activities. Early, careful planning in consultation with the major advisor is essential to stay on schedule.
Ordinarily, all students begin their biology programs in their first year.
Advising
Biology faculty advisors are assigned to students at the time of major or minor declaration. All biology majors are required to meet with their departmental advisors at least once each semester to discuss their academic program, receive clearance for electronic course registration, and obtain approval for any drops, adds, or withdrawals. Please contact the Undergraduate Services Coordinator for the Department of Biology for information about major or minor declaration.
Learning Outcomes
- Students will be able to demonstrate and apply knowledge of fundamental biological concepts, including those inmolecular, cellular, organismal, ecological, and evolutionary biology.
- Students will be able to make key observations, propose hypotheses, design experiments to test hypotheses and develop models to generate predictions, collect and analyze data, and draw appropriate conclusions.
- Students will be able to critically analyze published scientific research in the biological sciences, connecting previously learned information to current research.
- Students will be able to communicate biological ideas, arguments and experimental data both in oral and written forms to diverse audiences ranging from experts to lay persons.
- Students will be able to synthesize biological principles across other fields of science to arrive at holistic conclusions based on sound rationale, data, or modeling approaches. In addition, students will be able to contextualize biological discoveries on society and understand ethical implications of research.
- Students will be able to develop models to generatepredictions or collect and analyze data and use mathematical or statistical skills to drawappropriate conclusions.
Undergraduate Policies
For undergraduate policies and procedures, please review the Undergraduate Academics section of the General Bulletin.
Combined Bachelor's/Master's Programs
Undergraduate students may participate in accelerated programs toward graduate or professional degrees. For more information and details of the policies and procedures related to accelerated studies, please visit the Undergraduate Academics section of the General Bulletin.
Program Requirements
Students seeking to complete this major and degree program must meet the general requirements for bachelor's degrees and the Unified General Education Requirements. Students completing this program as a secondary major while completing another undergraduate degree program do not need to satisfy the school-specific requirements associated with this major.
| Code | Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|
| Biology Core Courses | ||
| BIOL 214 | Genes, Evolution and Ecology | 3 |
| BIOL 215 | Cells and Proteins | 3 |
| BIOL 214L & BIOL 215L | Genes, Evolution and Ecology Lab and Cells and Proteins Laboratory a | 2 |
| or BIOL 222L | Introductory Research Lab in Biology | |
| BIOL 216 | Development and Physiology | 3 |
| BIOL 216L | Development and Physiology Lab | 1 |
| BIOL 326 | Genetics | 3 |
| Choose one course from any two of the following three subject areas (breadth requirement) | 6-8 | |
| Cell and Molecular Biology Electives | ||
| Bacteriophage Genome Annotation and Analysis Lab | ||
| From Black Box to Toolbox: How Molecular Biology Moves Forward b | ||
| From Cloning to CRISPR: Advancements and Prospects in Genetic Engineering b | ||
| Fundamental Immunology | ||
| Introduction to Stem Cell Biology | ||
| Cell Biology | ||
| Plant Genomics and Proteomics | ||
| Genome Dynamics | ||
| Disciplinary Communication Seminar in Cancer Biology b | ||
| Impacts of Bacterial Gene Regulation on the Environment and Human Health b | ||
| Basic Biology of Blood and Blood Diseases | ||
| Parasitology | ||
| Microbiology | ||
| Pandemics: Biology, Policy and Society | ||
| Organismal Biology Electives | ||
| Vertebrate Biology c | ||
| Human Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory | ||
| Human Learning and the Brain b | ||
| Herpetology | ||
| Introductory Plant Biology | ||
| Introductory Entomology c | ||
| Sensory Biology | ||
| Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy and Evolution | ||
| The Human Microbiome | ||
| Ichthyology c | ||
| Human Physiology | ||
| Human Anatomy | ||
| Principles of Developmental Biology | ||
| Seminar on Unifying Concepts in Neuroscience b | ||
| Animal Welfare b | ||
| Introduction to Neurobiology c | ||
| Neurobiology of Behavior | ||
| Transformative Animal Models in Modern Biology | ||
| Nervous System Development | ||
| Population Biology and Ecology Electives | ||
| Ecology and Evolution of City Life b | ||
| Aquatic Biology | ||
| Principles of Evolution | ||
| Principles of Ecology | ||
| Animal Behavior | ||
| Research Methods in Evolutionary Biology | ||
| Genes, Embryos and Fossils | ||
| Topics in Evolutionary Biology | ||
| Brain Evolution and Function | ||
| Quantitative Biology Laboratory Course | 3-4 | |
| Choose one of the following: | ||
| Dynamics of Biological Systems: A Quantitative Introduction to Biology | ||
| Fitting Models to Data: Maximum Likelihood Methods and Model Selection | ||
| Quantitative Biology Laboratory | ||
| Design and Analysis of Biological Experiments | ||
| Functional Genomics | ||
| Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases | ||
| Evolutionary Game Theory | ||
| Introduction to Neurobiology c | ||
| Additional Laboratory Course d | 2-4 | |
| Choose one of the following: | ||
| Vertebrate Biology c | ||
| Biotechnology Laboratory: Genes and Genetic Engineering | ||
| Herpetology Lab | ||
| Biology Field Studies c | ||
| Taming the Tree of Life: Phylogenetic Comparative Methods-from Concept to Practical Application | ||
| Introductory Entomology c | ||
| Ichthyology c | ||
| Aquatic Biology Laboratory | ||
| Laboratory for Microbiology | ||
| Mammal Diversity and Evolution | ||
| Microscopy in Biology | ||
| Principles of Ecology Laboratory | ||
| Ecophysiology of Global Change | ||
| Evolutionary Game Theory | ||
| Animal Behavior Lab | ||
| Experimental Lab in Genetics, Cell or Developmental Biology | ||
| BIOL Electives e | 3-6 | |
| Undergraduate Research | ||
| BIOL 388S | Undergraduate Research - SAGES Capstone | 3 |
| BIOL 390 | Advanced Undergraduate Research | 3 |
| Mathematics Core Courses | ||
| MATH 125 | Math and Calculus Applications for Life, Managerial, and Social Sci I | 4 |
| or MATH 121 | Calculus for Science and Engineering I | |
| MATH 126 | Math and Calculus Applications for Life, Managerial, and Social Sci II | 4 |
| or MATH 122 | Calculus for Science and Engineering II | |
| Chemistry Core Courses | ||
| CHEM 105 | Principles of Chemistry I | 3 |
| CHEM 106 | Principles of Chemistry II | 3 |
| CHEM 113 | Principles of Chemistry Laboratory | 2 |
| CHEM 223 | Introductory Organic Chemistry I | 3 |
| or CHEM 323 | Organic Chemistry I | |
| CHEM 224 | Introductory Organic Chemistry II | 3 |
| or CHEM 324 | Organic Chemistry II | |
| CHEM 233 | Introductory Organic Chemistry Laboratory I | 2 |
| CHEM 301 | Introductory Physical Chemistry I | 3 |
| Physics Core Courses | ||
| PHYS 115 | Introductory Physics I | 4 |
| or PHYS 121 | General Physics I - Mechanics | |
| PHYS 116 | Introductory Physics II | 4 |
| or PHYS 122 | General Physics II - Electricity and Magnetism | |
| Advanced Mathematics or Statistics Course | 3 | |
| Choose one of the following: | ||
| Introduction to Linear Algebra for Applications | ||
| Discrete Mathematics | ||
| Basic Statistics for Engineering and Science | ||
| Statistics for Experimenters | ||
| Computer Programming Course | 3 | |
| Choose one of the following: | ||
| Elementary Computer Programming | ||
| Programming in Java | ||
| Total Credit Hours | 76-84 | |
- a
Credit may be earned for BIOL 222L or for the BIOL 214L and BIOL 215L sequence, but not both. Enrollment in BIOL 222L after completing BIOL 214L requires permission and is subject to availability.
- b
Fulfills UGER Disciplinary Communication course requirement.
- c
Can count as an elective or a laboratory course, not both.
- d
Can be any quantitative or non-quantitative laboratory course. Excluding BIOL 388, BIOL 388S, and BIOL 390.
- e
At least 11 credit hours of the selected electives and additional laboratory courses must be at the 300-level or higher.
Focus Areas in the Biological Sciences
Students are encouraged to utilize their elective courses in the biology major to take advantage of various specialized focus areas. These focus areas have been developed between the biology department, the basic science departments of the School of Medicine, and other departments. Currently, focus areas have been developed in the following areas: biotechnology and genetic engineering; computational biology; developmental biology; genetics; cell and molecular biology; neurobiology and animal behavior; population biology, ecology and environmental science.
Note: these focus areas are informal; they are not declared, and will not appear on the student's diploma or transcript.
Departmental Honors
To receive a bachelor’s degree “with Honors in Biology” (formally noted on the transcript), the student must meet the following criteria:
- Maintain a 3.6 overall grade point average, with a 3.8 in BIOL courses. GPA requirements refer only to courses taken since the start of their third semester at CWRU. Alternatively, students may be nominated for Honors by their research advisor.
- Sign an attestation of their record of academic integrity.
- Carry out 6 credit hours of independent research (taken as BIOL courses) or the equivalent at Case Western Reserve University.
- Write a senior honors thesis with the approval of the Research Sponsor and (if applicable) the Biology Sponsor.
- Submit no later than one week prior to the scheduled thesis defense the thesis for review by an ad hoc honors committee.
- Successfully defend the thesis at an oral examination.
Additional information and application forms are available from the biology department office and website.
Sample Plan of Study
| First Year | ||
|---|---|---|
| Fall | Credit Hours | |
| BIOL 214 | Genes, Evolution and Ecology | 3 |
| BIOL 214L or BIOL 222L | Genes, Evolution and Ecology Lab or Introductory Research Lab in Biology | 1 |
| MATH 125 or MATH 121 | Math and Calculus Applications for Life, Managerial, and Social Sci I or Calculus for Science and Engineering I | 4 |
| CHEM 105 | Principles of Chemistry I | 3 |
| Academic Inquiry Seminar, Breadth, or Elective course a | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 14 | |
| Spring | ||
| BIOL 215 | Cells and Proteins | 3 |
| BIOL 215L or BIOL 222L | Cells and Proteins Laboratory or Introductory Research Lab in Biology | 1 |
| MATH 126 or MATH 122 | Math and Calculus Applications for Life, Managerial, and Social Sci II or Calculus for Science and Engineering II | 4 |
| CHEM 106 | Principles of Chemistry II | 3 |
| CHEM 113 | Principles of Chemistry Laboratory | 2 |
| Academic Inquiry Seminar, Breadth, or Elective course a | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 16 | |
| Second Year | ||
| Fall | ||
| BIOL 216 | Development and Physiology | 3 |
| BIOL 216L | Development and Physiology Lab | 1 |
| CHEM 223 or CHEM 323 | Introductory Organic Chemistry I or Organic Chemistry I | 3 |
| CHEM 233 | Introductory Organic Chemistry Laboratory I | 2 |
| Breadth, or Elective course a | 3 | |
| Elective | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 15 | |
| Spring | ||
| BIOL 326 | Genetics | 3 |
| CHEM 224 or CHEM 324 | Introductory Organic Chemistry II or Organic Chemistry II | 3 |
| ENGR 131 | Elementary Computer Programming | 3 |
| Breadth, or Elective course a | 3 | |
| Elective | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 15 | |
| Third Year | ||
| Fall | ||
| PHYS 115 or PHYS 121 | Introductory Physics I or General Physics I - Mechanics | 4 |
| Breadth, or Elective course a | 3 | |
| BIOL Elective | 3 | |
| BIOL Laboratory | 2-4 | |
| Advanced Mathematics or Statistics Course | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 15-17 | |
| Spring | ||
| PHYS 116 or PHYS 122 | Introductory Physics II or General Physics II - Electricity and Magnetism | 4 |
| BIOL Subject Area Breadth | 3 | |
| Quantitative BIOL Laboratory or Other BIOL Laboratory | 3-4 | |
| Breadth, or Elective course a | 3 | |
| Breadth, or Elective course a | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 16-17 | |
| Fourth Year | ||
| Fall | ||
| BIOL 388S | Undergraduate Research - SAGES Capstone | 3 |
| CHEM 301 | Introductory Physical Chemistry I | 3 |
| Breadth, or Elective course a | 3 | |
| BIOL Subject Area Breadth | 3 | |
| BIOL Laboratory or Quantitative BIOL Laboratory (if needed) | 2-4 | |
| Credit Hours | 14-16 | |
| Spring | ||
| BIOL 390 | Advanced Undergraduate Research | 3 |
| Electives | 9 | |
| BIOL Elective | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 15 | |
| Total Credit Hours | 120-125 | |